The European Parliament approves the Pact on Migration and Asylum

On 10 April 2024, the European Parliament narrowly approved ten legislative texts to reform the European migration and asylum policy. The so-called New Pact on Migration and Asylum now only needs the final green light from Member States, which is expected at the end of the month.

Members of the European Parliament voted on these texts as follows:

  • The Regulation on Asylum and Migration Management which aims at determining which Member State is responsible for the examination of each application for international protection and at ensuring a fairer sharing of responsibility among the Member States through a mandatory but flexible solidarity mechanism, was backed by 322 votes in favour, 266 against and 31 abstentions.
     
  • The Crisis and Force majeure Regulation, which allows Member States to address situations of crisis in the field of asylum and migration, for example authorising Member States to deviate from certain rules concerning the asylum and the return procedure, was confirmed with 301 votes in favour, 272 against and 46 abstentions.
     
  • The Screening Regulation, which foresees that people who do not meet the conditions to enter the EU will be subject to a pre-entry screening procedure, including identification, collecting of biometric data, and health and security checks, during a period of up to seven days, was endorsed by 366 votes in favour, 229 against and 26 abstentions.
     
  • The amended Asylum Procedures Regulationwhich establishes a new common procedure across the EU to grant and withdraw international protection, was adopted by 301 votes in favour, 269 against and 51 abstentions
     
  • The Eurodac Regulation, which foresees that the data of those arriving irregularly to the EU, including fingerprints and facial images from six years old onwards, will be stored in the reformed Eurodac database, was adopted with 404 votes to 202 and 16 abstentions
     
  • The Qualifications Regulation, which provides for new uniform standards for all Member States for the recognition of refugee or subsidiary protection status, and regarding the rights granted to those qualifying for protection, was endorsed with 340 votes to 249 and 34 abstentions.
     
  • The Reception Conditions Directive, which aims to ensure equivalent reception standards across EU Member States when it comes to material conditions -including housing-, health care and an adequate standard of living for applicants, was approved by 398 votes to 162 and 60 abstentions.
     
  • The EU Resettlement Framework, which comprises common procedures for resettlement and humanitarian admission of particularly vulnerable persons that are eligible to receive refugee or subsidiary protection status in the EU, was adopted with 452 votes in favour, 154 against and 14 abstentions.

Following the votes, EP President Roberta Metsola, Belgian Prime Minister Alexander De Croo and EC President Ursula von der Leyen spoke to the press. President von der Leyen depicted the Pact as a "huge achievement for Europe". Others voiced criticism, including some NGOs, human rights advocates and legal experts, who warn the Pact could come at the expense of fundamental rights.

The Belgian Secretary of State for Asylum and Migration, Nicole de Moor, also reacted to the votes. She stressed that the focus would now lie on the implementation of the Pact. This theme will be the topic of a Conference organised at the end of April in the context of the Belgian EU presidency, with all competent European ministers and the relevant organizations of the European Union. It will also be the theme of the EMN Belgian Presidency Conference on 25 and 26 June 2024.

As to the next steps, once the package is formally approved by the Council, the laws will enter into force after their publication in the Official Journal. The regulations are expected to start applying in two years time. 

For further information, please read this press release from the European Parliament.

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